Will temperature and rainfall changes prevent yield progress in Europe?

Concerns about the effects of global warming on crop yields have been raised due to stagnating yield progress in recent years. However, an understanding changes temperature and rainfall throughout cycle historical is lacking Europe (EU). In this study, positive wheat, barley, rice, maize EU (1961–2019) was significant, with rates 0.05, 0.04, 0.07 Tha?1year?1, for four crops respectively. Much has sustained by Eastern European countries (EE), which had highest rates. On average, case wheat a increase 1°C winter resulted increasing +0.33 Tha?1 EE. This potentially decreasing cold damage improved photosynthesis vegetative growth, supporting progress. Recent (2001–2019) were all regions except Western (WE), barley Southern (SE) Northern (NE). Stagnated rice WE not explained or using direct correlations observed data. May July temperatures associated NE (?0.30 Tha?1°C?1), SE (?0.14 Tha?1°C?1) (?0.42 ?0.39 Tha?1°C?1). With becoming less than optimal photosynthesis, reducing grain filling duration drought episodes, stagnated SE. consistent increases water evaporative demand expected future, interplay among genetic adaptation, increased duration, tolerance, sowing dates, smart irrigation sustainable practices may require thorough regional testing maximise Europe.